Friday, December 21, 2007 

Dogs Nature

Dog Training - A Dog's Nature

Dogs are surprisingly complex creatures.

Some official estimates of the number of breeds reaches as high as 800 in Western countries alone. Even given that distinguishing one breed from another can be carried to absurd extremes, the variety is astonishing from a human perspective, who have, perhaps, a dozen 'breeds'.

Complicating the picture still further is the well-known fact that dogs have descended from wolves but began domestic interaction with humans over 10,000 years ago. As a consequence, there are behaviours that develop regardless of circumstances and some that are as unique as the human the dog is paired with. Still, some common traits stand out.

Dogs are predators.

That doesn't mean they necessarily hunt and attack every passing cat or rat, but the capacity is always in them. With acute hearing and head muscles that allow precise orientation of their ears, dogs can pick up a range of sounds and locate the source quickly and with high accuracy.

A dog's field of vision is higher than that of humans. Their field of view has been estimated from 180-270 degrees, by comparison to a human's 100-150 degrees, allowing them to track events better.

And, of course, there's that famous sense of smell. Citing figures such as having 25 times as many scent-receptor cells or being able to sense concentrations 100 million times smaller than humans conveys the fact one way.

Another is to report behaviour. Golden Retrievers, for example, can smell gophers through two feet of packed snow and a foot of frozen earth. And, they'll dig through it to get to the gopher. That's predatory behaviour.

Dogs are social animals.

That's common knowledge, of course. But, though known, it's often ignored. Individuals will often lock a lone dog away in a garage or pen, or on a rope in the yard for long periods. This isolation from contact with humans and other animals invariably leads to fear and/or aggression and other forms of maladjustment. Dogs need companionship in order to develop healthy behaviour.

Isolating a dog for brief periods can be a useful training technique. Fear of expulsion from the pack can incense overly assertive, alpha-status seeking dogs into alignment with the trainer's goals. In any human-dog pair, the human must be the alpha (leader). The alternative is property destruction, human frustration and unsafe conditions for people and dogs.

But excessive time devoid of social interaction with another dog, the human, or even a friendly cat harms the dog's psychology and leads to unwanted behaviour. Even guard dogs have to be able to distinguish between external 'threats' and members of its own 'pack'.

Dogs are exploratory.

Like the two-year-old humans at roughly their same mental level, dogs learn by exploring their environment. And like those humans, they can engage in destructive behaviour. Dogs are no respecters of property. Training and an appropriately selected set of objects and suitable area can channel that behaviour into something acceptable to humans and healthy for the dog.

Providing toys with characteristics very distinct from human property, such as rawhide bones rather than rubber balls that are hard to tell from children's, leads to less confusion and misbehaviour. In many cases, however, the problem is solved by scent. The dog's toys may look like the child's, but smell very different.

Some amount of digging may be inevitable as part of the dog's exploration. Be prepared to patch holes in lawn if the dog is unsupervised for very long. Plants can usually be protected with cayenne pepper paste, bitter apple and other preparations.

Dogs are scavengers

Dogs will eat deer droppings, even when they have perfectly sound and ample diets. They'll chew on dead rats, eat grass and ingest a wide variety of things that their own experience shows causes upset stomachs. And they'll repeat the behaviour day after day.

Acknowledging their limited ability to connect cause and effect when those are separated in time is a must in order to keep them healthy and safe.

Recognizing a dog's nature, and working within in it rather than against it leads to less frustration for both human and dog. Enjoying the beneficial aspects, such as spontaneous dog hugs (leaning into a leg), paw offering and a head laid on the lap are just a few of the rewards.

Valerie Dancer - I have owned dogs for 42 years. Learning to train from my mother who trained to county level. Over the years I have found that the old ways of training are not always the best, that praise is the best form of training, and the younger the dog, the easier it is to train. ...dogtrainingproblems.biz.Training A Dog
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General First Aid For Your Dog

Like young children, puppies are accident prone, some more than others, males ore than females. As they become bolder and more explorative, adolescent dogs get into all kinds of scrapes. By the time they reach maturity, however, all of them will have learned to recognize their physical limitations. In spite of their worldly wisdom, there are simply too many hazards in modern life to remain completely immune from accidental injuries.

A few notions of first aid may save your dogs life. First of all, size up the situation and decide what needs to be done. Talk to your dog constantly in a reassuring tone of voice. He will know instinctively that you are trying to help him and will usually be co-operative. The most common ailments requiring first aid are wounds and bites.

The gravity of a wound depends on its location, its type and its importance. Minor, superficial cuts usually heal rapidly with first aid care. Body wounds may require stitching by the vet, as do head wounds of any importance. Any wounds involving an artery require urgent veterinary attention and immediate first aid in order to control the bleeding in the meantime.

Bleeding from a wound comes either from a vein (in which case the blood flow is dark red in a steady flow and can be stopped by applying pressure with a tight bandage or your fingers). Capillary blood vessels near the skin surface can also cause bleeding, usually the result of a bruise. A sufficiently large gauze pad, dampened to prevent it from sticking, can be used to apply pressure over this wound. Lastly, bleeding form an artery is the worst type of wound.

Bleeding form an artery spurts out in rhythm with the heartbeat is bright red, and is stopped by direct pressure on the bleeding area with a clean cloth or an ice pack. Arterial bleeding can also be stopped with a tourniquet placed between the wound and the heart. Use a soft, strong strip of cloth, a necktie, or a handkerchief tied tightly enough to stop the bleeding, and release it for one minute in every 10 minutes, while you rush your dog to the vet.

Dog and cat bites should be treated like puncture wounds, washing them with soap and water, pouring in antiseptic, and checking for signs of infection which would call for an antibiotic or penicillin injection by the vet. If the biter was a stray, wild, or unknown animal, take your dog to the vet at once for precautionary protection against rabies. For any puncture wound you should wash the puncture all the way to the bottom. This is best done by the vet who can anesthetize the dog or at least restrain him during this painful process.

All ordinary wounds should first be examined and any foreign matter removed. If the wound is dirty, you may let it bleed for a moment, then wash it thoroughly with mild soap and water. Wipe or sponge it dry and apply an antiseptic, such as:

- mercurochrome (good for bruises and minor cuts)
- 3 percent hydrogen peroxide (recommended for deep cuts, since it foams on contact with flesh and helps clean the wound)

The majority of minor cuts need no more treatment than this, not even a bandage. Your dig will lick it, which will keep it clean, and it will heal rapidly. If there is redness and swelling, the wound is infected and you should take your dog to the vet for an antibiotic or penicillin injection.

Randy Jones and his partner Brent Jones have been in the pet industry for a long time. Recently they formed .Joncopets.com. On the site, customers can shop for the latest dog collars, dog clothes, pet supplies and more. Check them out at ...joncopets.com.Buy Dog Toy
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